Close Menu
Sugar Industry Technologies
  • Home
    • About Us
    • Contact Us
  • Sugar Tech
    • Clarification
      • Juice heating
      • Juice Defication/Sulphitation
      • Lime and Sulphur
      • Vacuum Filters
    • Evaporation
      • Robert/Kestner/FFE
      • Condensers
    • Crysatllisation
      • Material Balance
      • Batch pans
      • Continuos Pans
      • Molasses Conditioners/ Crystallizers
    • Centrifugal Section
      • Centrifugal Machines
    • Sugar House
    • Raw sugar
    • Sugar Refinery
    • Sugar Lab
  • Sugar Engineering
    • Mill and Diffuser
    • Equipment Design & Drawing
    • Capacity calculations
    • Steam and Power
    • Power Plant
    • Pumps
  • Calculations
    • Capacity calculations
    • Calculations in Clarification
    • Calculations in Evaporation
    • Calculations in Crystallisation
    • Calculations in Centrifugals
    • Material Balance
  • Calculators
  • General Articles
    • Distillery
    • Seminars & Carriers
    • Types of sugars
    • ETP
    • WTP
Facebook X (Twitter) Instagram
Facebook X (Twitter) LinkedIn Pinterest Instagram YouTube
Sugar Industry Technologies
  • Home
    • About Us
    • Contact Us
  • Sugar Tech
    • Clarification
      • Juice heating
      • Juice Defication/Sulphitation
      • Lime and Sulphur
      • Vacuum Filters
    • Evaporation
      • Robert/Kestner/FFE
      • Condensers
    • Crysatllisation
      • Material Balance
      • Batch pans
      • Continuos Pans
      • Molasses Conditioners/ Crystallizers
    • Centrifugal Section
      • Centrifugal Machines
    • Sugar House
    • Raw sugar
    • Sugar Refinery
    • Sugar Lab
  • Sugar Engineering
    • Mill and Diffuser
    • Equipment Design & Drawing
    • Capacity calculations
    • Steam and Power
    • Power Plant
    • Pumps
  • Calculations
    • Capacity calculations
    • Calculations in Clarification
    • Calculations in Evaporation
    • Calculations in Crystallisation
    • Calculations in Centrifugals
    • Material Balance
  • Calculators
  • General Articles
    • Distillery
    • Seminars & Carriers
    • Types of sugars
    • ETP
    • WTP
Sugar Industry Technologies
You are at:Home»Crysatllisation»Crystallizers Application in Sugar Industry | Crystallizer Capacity Calculation

Crystallizers Application in Sugar Industry | Crystallizer Capacity Calculation

7 Mins Read
Facebook Twitter Pinterest LinkedIn Tumblr Email
Crystallizer concepts and its application sugar industry massecuite boiling process | The treatment process of the various massecuites like A, B & C | Crystallizer Capacity Calculation | Air Cooled Crystallisers, Water Cooled Crystallisers, Batch Type Crystallizers, Continuous crystallizers,

Massecuite Cooling Treatment Process in Crystallizer | Sugar Tech

The massecuite when discharged from the vacuum pan is at a high supersaturation. If we have to take as advantage of this super saturation of masseccuite, it must be kept in motion to separate the sugar crystals from the mother liquor. In Crystalizers,  it is a process which consists of mixing the massecuite for a certain time after dropping from the pans, and before passing to the centrifugals. Which aims at completing the formation of crystals and forcing further exhaustion of the mother liquor.

 Crystallization in motion is a process in which the masecuites are slowly stirred while they cool from pan dropping temperature to one nearer to surrounding atmosphere temperature. Progressive cooling reduces the solubility of sugar and forced crystallization to continue.  Continuous stirring minimizes the internal differences in temperature and super saturation and this reduces the danger of false grain formation.  The above process is carried out in special equipment called as crystalliser.

Reading Map - Quick Links

Toggle
  • Air Cooled Crystallisers:
  • Water Cooled Crystallisers:
    • Batch Type Crystallizers:
    • Continuous crystallizers :
    • Heat Transfer Coefficient (HTC):
  • Crystallizer Capacity Calculation

Crystallizer concepts and its application sugar industry massecuite boiling process | The treatment process of the various massecuites like A, B & C | Crystallizer Capacity CalculationAir Cooled Crystallisers:

These are ” U  “ shaped or circular in diameter, open and horizontal containers. The stirring device consists of central shaft fitted with stirrer arms. The massecuite is cooled by air by radiation through the walls of crystalliser and through the surface of crystalliser.  The cooling action is very slow.  These types of crystallisers are usually used for high-grade massecuite.

Water Cooled Crystallisers:

The various type of crystallisers either open or closed type where water is employed for cooling. In this type of crystalliser for cooling of massecuite by circulating the water in coils or disk type elements in a proper way and cooling surface is direct contact with the entire massecuite.

Batch Type Crystallizers:

Batch crystallizers are generally horizontal type stirred vessels. Normal batch processing practice entailed gravity flow from pan, to crystallizer and then to centrifugal. Batch type crystallizers are cylindrical or ‘U’ shaped vessel equipped with slow speed stirring element.

It is applicable for high grade massecuites ( A m/c & Refined masseuites) and also it installed as a receiving crystallizers for low grade massecuite before entering to cooling crystallizers.

Continuous crystallizers :

To overcome the some disadvantages in case of low grade massecuite cooling, the continuous crystallizers. With the advantages of continuous pans and continuous centrifugal machines, it makes more sense to run the crystallizers as a continuous system. In continuous crystallizer, the full capacity of the crystallizers is utilized at all times. Batch type cystallizers joined in series to convert the continuous process or used vertical type designs is used for this application.

The treatment process of the various massecuites (A, B & C m/c ) follows as below

High Grade massecuites ( A m/c , Refined massecuited )

  • a) The speed of Rotation of stirrer should be 60 RPH.
  • b) Cooling hours shall be 2 to 3 hours for A m/c and less than 2 hours in case of refined massecuite.
  • c) The Air cooled crystallizers shall have stirring arrangements only used for this application.
  • d) The water-cooled crystallizers not required for high grade massecuites.

B – Masseccuite

  • a) The speed of Rotation of the stirrer should be 30 to 40  RPH.
  • b) The massecuite treatment hours shall be 10 to 12 hrs
  • c) The Air-cooled crystallizers used as a receiving and maturity of massecuite purpose. And then sent to water coiling crystallizers.
  • d) The Water cooling crystallizers used for coolling the masseccuite from 65 to 55ºC in 8 to 10 hours.
  • e) The S/V ratio maintained 1.2. ( S = Cooling surface area & V = Volume of massecuite).
  • f) The inlet cooling water to crystallizer may be considered as ambient temperature at 30 to 35ºC.

C – Masseccuite

  • a) The speed of Rotation of stirrer should be 20 to 30 RPH.
  • b) The massecuite treatment hours shall be 22 to 24 hrs
  • c) The Air-cooled crystallizers used as a receiving and maturity of massecuite purpose. And then sent to water-coiling crystallizers.
  • d) The Water cooling crystallizers used for coolling the masseccuite from 65 to 42ºC in 20 to 22 hours.
  • e) The S/V ration maintained  1.8 to 2.0. ( S = Cooling surface area & V = Volume of massecuite).
  • f) The inlet cooling water to crystallizer may be considered as ambient temperature at 30 to 35ºC.

Heat Transfer Coefficient (HTC):

Heat coefficients in B and C  massecuite crystallizers are very low, particularly when high brix are cooled to low temperatures. These values are strongly dependent on the condition of the massecuite. Apart from the massecuite conditions, the heat transfer rate will also depend on the amount of shear applied to the cooling surfaces.

Typical values of heat transfer coefficient for water cooled crystallizer are given below as per E.Hugot.

A massecuites – 40 to 60 Kcal/m2/hr/oC
B massecuites – 35 to 50 Kcal/m2/hr/oC
C massecuites – 25 Kcal/m2/hr/oC

The HTC value for Air cooled crystallizers used by Manufacturers   –  7  Kcal/m2/hr/oC

Crystallizer Capacity Calculation

Crystallizers capacity requirement calculated according to its massecuite cooling time and existing pan capacity.

According to  different Authors,  the capacities of Crystallizers are as follows

    • Noel Deer –    5 m³/TCH
    • Tromp  –  4.44 m³/TCH.
    • Hugot  –  6.05 m³/TCH.

Capacities of Crystallizers for 5000 TCD plant (230 TCH  @ 22hours basis)

Assume the massecuite % cane

    • A – Massecuite     –   30%
    • B – Massecuite      –   13%
    • C – Massecuite      –   8%

The capacity of Crystallizer will be 10% more than the pan capacity (For example if pan capacity is 60 Tons, then the Crystallizer capacity should be 70 Tons each).

    • A massecuite quantity =  230 x 30 % = 69 T/hr  ≈ 70 T/hr.
    • B massecuite quantity =  230 x 13 % =  29.9 T/hr  ≈ 30 T/hr.
    • C massecuite quantity =  230 x 8 % = 18.4 T/hr  ≈ 20 T/hr.

Generally, manufacturers take Cooling time and curing time as follows

Massecuite Cooling Time in hrs Curing Time in hrs  Total no. of hrs
A 2 2 to 3 4 to 5
B 8 2 to 4 10 to 12
C 20 6 to 8 (Ripening cum curing) 26 to 28

Air-cooled Crystallizes for A  massecuite :

Total Capacity required = 70 x 4.5 = 315  T

If Batch pan capacity is 60T each then consider 70T capacity crystallizers

= 315 / 70 = 4.5 .

So consider  4  to 5 no.s of crystallizes with 70T capacity each.

Air cum Water cooled Crystallizes for B  massecuite :

Total Capacity required = 30 x 10 = 300 T

If a continuous pan is used for B massecuite then consider receiving crystallizer of 40 to 60T capacity air cooled type and remaining capacity consider as water cooled crystallizers. It may series of horizontal type (80T x 3no.s) or vertical type with a cooling element.

Air cum Water cooled Crystallizes for C  massecuite :

Total Capacity required = 20 x 28 = 560 T

For continuous pan massecuite receiving purposes consider 60T capacity air cooled crystallizer. The remaining 500T capacity consider as water cooled crystallizers. Generally, for “C ” massecuite purpose consider as vertical type crystallizers with cooling and heating element.

Crystallizer concepts and its application sugar industry massecuite boiling process | The treatment process of the various massecuites like A, B & C | Crystallizer Capacity Calculation | Air Cooled Crystallisers, Water Cooled Crystallisers, Batch Type Crystallizers, Continuous crystallizers,

Sugar Tech Articles :

Low-Grade Massecuite Treatment in Sugar Crystallization Process

Melt Clarification System Design Criteria for Sugar Refinery Process

Formulas of pump NPSH Calculation |Head loss in suction and delivery line

Sulphurless sugar concepts in sugar industry | Sugar Technology

Hi friends Thanks for reading. I hope you like it.  Give feedback, comments and please share it

Air Cooled crystallizers crystallizer Massecuite Water Cooled Crystallisers
Share. Facebook Twitter Pinterest LinkedIn Tumblr Email
sivaalluri333
  • Website

Related Posts

Phosphoric Acid (H3 PO4 ) Dosing in Sugar Industry | Online Calculator

Batch Centrifugal Machine Capacity and Gravity Factor Calculation

Definitions in Steam Properties and Online Steam Table For Saturated steam

3 Comments

  1. Stanley Munsamy on December 21, 2024 12:29 pm

    Thank you.
    Please, what is the ideal curing temperature for A-massecuite of around 85% purity.

    Reply
    • sivaalluri333 on January 3, 2025 4:22 pm

      It will be around 50 oC

      Reply
  2. sivaalluri333 on January 3, 2025 4:21 pm

    Please go through the below link
    https://www.sugarprocesstech.com/vertical-crystalliser-design/

    Reply
Leave A Reply Cancel Reply

  • Popular
  • Recent
  • Top Reviews
October 4, 2024

Phosphoric Acid (H3 PO4 ) Dosing in Sugar Industry | Online Calculator

October 3, 2024

Batch Centrifugal Machine Capacity and Gravity Factor Calculation

October 3, 2024

Definitions in Steam Properties and Online Steam Table For Saturated steam

October 4, 2024

Phosphoric Acid (H3 PO4 ) Dosing in Sugar Industry | Online Calculator

October 3, 2024

Batch Centrifugal Machine Capacity and Gravity Factor Calculation

October 3, 2024

Definitions in Steam Properties and Online Steam Table For Saturated steam

July 3, 2022

Boiler Efficiency Calculation by Direct Method with Example

May 19, 2022

Pump Related formulas | Power calculation, Total Head, NPSH, Affinity laws

August 25, 2020

Perimeter and Area Formulas for two dimensional geometrical figures

All Categories
  • Batch pans
  • Calculations
  • Calculations in Centrifugals
  • Calculations in Clarification
  • Calculations in Crystallisation
  • Calculations in Evaporation
  • Capacity calculations
  • Centrifugal Machines
  • Centrifugal Section
  • Clarification
  • Clarifier
  • Condensers
  • Continuos Pans
  • Crysatllisation
  • Distillery
  • Equipment Design & Drawing
  • ETP
  • Evaporation
  • General Articles
  • Juice Defication/Sulphitation
  • Juice heating
  • Lime and Sulphur
  • Material Balance
  • Mill and Diffuser
  • Molasses Conditioners/ Crystallizers
  • Power Plant
  • Pumps
  • Raw sugar
  • Robert/Kestner/FFE
  • Seminars & Carriers
  • Steam and Power
  • Sugar Engineering
  • Sugar House
  • Sugar Lab
  • Sugar Refinery
  • Sugar Tech
  • Terminology
  • Types of sugars
  • Vacuum Filters
  • WTP
Latest Galleries
Latest Reviews
About Us

sugar industry technologies - sugar technology -sugarprocesstechWelcome to sugarprocesstech.com, your go-to hub for invaluable insights into the complex world of sugar processing and related industries. Founded in 2017 by a seasoned sugar technologist with a wealth of experience, this platform is dedicated to sharing deep knowledge with fellow industry experts and the emerging generation of technologists.

IMP PAGES
About Us Sugar Tech Articles Capacity Calculation Important Links Online Calculators Thumb Rules Unit Conversion Contact Us

    Copyright © 2025 Sugar Process Tech | SivaRamaKrishana Alluri
    • About Us
    • Home
    • Sugar Tech
    • Sugar Engineering
    • Calculators

    Type above and press Enter to search. Press Esc to cancel.